METHODOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE VALUATION IN THE MODELING OF A TRADING COMPANY ACCOUNTING SYSTEM

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to reveal the methodological value of accounting valuation and disclose its role in the modeling of a trading company accounting system. It is substantiated that the result of evaluation should be an indicator, which is carried out within a complex process, selected from a set of values obtained by the adequate assessment methods application. The main provisions of international valuation standards are analyzed. It has been proved in the article proves that the stable tendency of development of new trading formats outstrips the existence of the developed models of valuation. Existing organization of commodity transactions accounting does not satisfy the requirements of management information support formation for enterprises of modern trading formats. In this context, there is a need to determine the methods of valuation of assets, liabilities, income, investments and financial instruments of a trading enterprise, which is the basis of accounting and is able to provide high reliability and informational content of the reporting data, satisfy the balance of interests of different groups of reporting data users and perform a number of other tasks. It is substantiated that the accounting techniques that form assets valuation, revenue recognizing procedure and writing off costs are directly related to taxation, on the one hand, and organization financial position, which is shown to the founders (participants), potential investors and creditors – on the other. Valuation methods have been systematized that can be applied by trading companies for different accounting objects at different stages of the business process and phases of the enterprise life cycle. Methodological aspects of accounting modeling as a mean of accounting methodology development and basis for accounting practice improvement are investigated. The algorithm of accounting objects valuation in the process of a trading company accounting system modeling is developed in which valuation plays a key role both at the stage of primary and secondary modeling of accounting system, including procedures of identifying of accounting objects that need to be evaluated, choosing of valuation method, fixing the method of measurement used in accounting policies and accounting in accordance with adopted method of measurement. The methodological aspects of a trade enterprise accounting system modeling will provide more flexible valuation of accounting objects and determination of the sale price of goods in accordance with the current market conditions; enhance the quality of received information and its value to stakeholders; reduce the complexity of accounting process.